Moonrise Moment

Observing glossary

What is azimuth in astronomy?

Azimuth is a compass direction measured clockwise around the horizon, usually from 0 degrees at north through 90 degrees at east.

The Moon above an ocean horizon with altitude and azimuth guide arcs.
A visual guide to azimuth. Original Moonrise Moment illustration.

What it means

Azimuth is part of the practical language of skywatching. It helps describe where the Moon appears, how it moves across a local sky, or what an observer actually sees. Because every horizon and viewing location is different, observing terms are most useful when paired with a specific place and time.

For a deeper look with practical observing advice, read the Moonrise Moment guide to azimuth.

Keep exploring

Observing Altitude

The angle of an object above the observer's horizon, measured from 0 degrees at the horizon to 90 degrees at the zenith.

 Observing Culmination

The moment a celestial object crosses the observer's meridian and usually reaches its highest altitude for that passage.

 Observing Earthshine

The faint glow on the Moon's unlit portion caused by sunlight reflecting from Earth to the Moon and back toward the observer.

 Observing Horizon

The apparent boundary where sky meets land or sea. Local terrain and buildings can create a practical horizon above the astronomical horizon.

Sources and further reading

This definition was written in plain language and checked against these science references.

Moonrise Moment showing the live direction and countdown screen.

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